Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It can be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including drug and non-drug treatment.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Due to the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
The infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogens causing inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be triggered both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, always present in a man's body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of a decrease in immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body is able to suppress infection, but inflammation develops against the background of decreased immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is caused by congestion of the pelvic organs - impaired blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors that provoke the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- decreased immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sex life.
Congestive prostatitis is thought to be a disease that affects office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, which leads to a decrease in metabolism and a violation of prostate trophism.
A man's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in prostate tone and stagnation of secretions.This causes the organ to swell and inflammation to develop.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to exhaustion of the organ and can also provoke the development of the disease.
Depending on the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, caused by compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated very successfully with timely administration of adequate drug therapy.In the absence of appropriate treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by a weakening of the sexual function of men and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become acute.Exacerbations of the disease are mainly associated with a decrease in immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to identify the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of prostate secretion is carried out, an ultrasound and an MRI of the organ are performed.
Comprehensive treatment for prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increase immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- diet therapy;
- change of lifestyle.
Drug treatment depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is to use antibacterial drugs.Their selection is made on the basis of the results of the prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute stage, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of treatment is carried out with drugs that normalize the functionality of the organ.
The complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking medications to improve immunity.These can be either local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of medications is carried out only by a doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is to fight infections;for stagnant prostatitis, it is about improving the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with medications aimed at relieving symptoms, which normalize prostate function and improve well-being.For infectious prostatitis, treatment is based on antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are used quite rarely in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and the large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that cause the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
Nevertheless, a fairly good result is achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, drugs based on macrolides are prescribed.Their advantages lie in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerance of organisms and high bioavailability, due to which the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors are increasingly preferring drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.These are broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs that have many advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that have no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the absence of the development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissues, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe medications containing levofloxacin.The treatment lasts at least 28 days, the medicine is taken in 1-2 tablets.The exact dosage and dosage regimen are selected individually by the doctor.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the duration of treatment is reduced.
Anti-inflammatory medications
For the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
These drugs have a symptomatic effect, eliminating pain and stopping the inflammatory process.It is advisable to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance penetrates directly into the tissues of the prostate.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis they are the main line of treatment, since antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
To treat congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functionality of the prostate.
As a rule, these are preparations based on prostate extracts from young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.For non-infectious prostatitis, it is used long-term to treat inflammation.In cases of bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this medication is indicated to restore the functioning of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories containing propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.These drugs are aimed at normalizing prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines to strengthen immunity
During complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate is exposed to various drugs.To prevent further development of the disease after treatment, a set of measures aimed at increasing immunity is indicated.
To this end, the following is prescribed:
- zinc preparations;
- echinacea extract tablets;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E.
For the normal functioning of the prostate, zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary.Urologists often prescribe bioactive dietary supplements rich in these substances.
It is also recommended to follow a vitamin course specially designed for men.These drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibacterial treatment, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
For chronic prostatitis, a vitamin complex should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of exacerbation.
Physiotherapy and massage
For chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.Usually acupuncture, current and magnetic methods of influence, darsonvalization are used.For bacterial inflammation, these methods are not used, as they can cause the spread of pathogens throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is altered, a rectal massage is indicated.These procedures are carried out by a qualified specialist - a urologist or proctologist.The massage course includes 10-15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymphatic stagnation and normalizes the flow of prostate secretions.A series of procedures allows you to restore the normal functioning of the organ and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is carried out only in case of complications.
In case of infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation during which the abscess is opened and its contents removed.
In chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is installed to remove urine.Additionally, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis may develop, leading to the appearance of scarring on the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is carried out during which areas of compaction are removed using a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing nutrition and giving up bad habits.The diet for prostate inflammation is not strict, but excludes any fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and tobacco should be avoided.
You should include foods that are good for men's health in your diet:
- lawyer;
- pumpkin seed oil and olives;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you need to exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower body.
The patient's sex life plays an important role.If you suffer from prostatitis, you need regular sex, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, as it depletes the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate drug treatment, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist every year and undergo a complete prostate examination.